What does Buffering refer to in the context of online video?

Buffering refers to the temporary storage of data while it is being transmitted over the Internet, particularly in relation to streaming video. When you select a video to watch online, there may be a brief delay before it begins to play, which is due to the player downloading enough of the video data to ensure smooth playback. This initial delay and ongoing loading periods during the viewing experience are a direct consequence of buffering.

In streaming contexts, buffering helps manage the data flow, allowing the video player to pre-load small segments of the video so that it can play without interruption, even if there are fluctuations in Internet speed. The effectiveness of this process can greatly affect the viewer's experience, as any delays or interruptions in buffering could lead to stuttering or halts in video playback.

The other options pertain to different aspects of video processing or delivery, but they do not capture the specific action of buffering as it relates to the viewing experience of online video content.